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The CMS Guiding Principles apply throughout the contract life cycle, which encompasses all phases from planning and solicitation to award, performance, and closeout. This comprehensive application ensures that the principles are integrated into every aspect of contract management, fostering consistency, accountability, and strategic alignment with organizational goals.

By following these principles throughout the entire contract process, organizations can maintain clarity in their objectives, enhance communication with stakeholders, and ensure compliance with relevant policies and best practices. This holistic approach helps in managing risks effectively and optimizing contract performance, ultimately contributing to better outcomes and value realization.

The rationale behind not limiting the application of CMS Guiding Principles to specific phases, as implied by other choices, is crucial to achieving effective management and oversight of contracts. For instance, applying these principles only during the negotiation phase would ignore the importance of monitoring and evaluation during contract execution, which are vital for ensuring adherence to terms and conditions. Similarly, if they were invoked solely upon contract award or only when legally mandated, it would restrict the proactive measures necessary for a successful contract life cycle. Thus, acknowledging the principles throughout all stages is essential for comprehensive and effective contract management.